Friday, 10 January 2014

Glossary Terminology part4-G,H,I,J,K,L.

G
generic pointer
A pointer that can point to any variable without restriction as to type of variable. A pointer
to storage without regard to content.

Ghostscript
A PostscriptÔ-like interpreter that is freely available from the Free Software Foundation.

global variables
Variables that are known throughout an entire program.

guard digit
An extra digit of precision used in floating-point calculations to ensure against loss of
accuracy.

H
header file
See include file.

heap
A portion of memory used by new to get space for the structures and classes returned by
new. Space is returned to this pool by using the delete operator.

hexadecimal number
A base-16 number.

high-level language
A level of computer language that is between machine language and natural (human)
language.

I
I/O manipulators
Functions that when "output" or "input" cause no I/O, but set various conversion flags or
parameters.

IEEE floating-point standard
IEEE standard 754, which standardizes floating-point format, precision, and certain
non-numerical values.

if
A statement that allows selective execution of parts of a program based on the truth of a
condition.

implementation dependence
The situation where the result obtained from the operation of computer or software is not
standardized because of variability among computer systems. A particular operation may
yield different results when run on another system.

include file
A file that is merged with source code by invocation of the preprocessor directive
#include. Also called a header file.

Inclusive OR
See OR.

index
A value, variable, or expression that selects a particular element of an array.

indirect operator
See de-referencing operator.

information hiding
A code design system that tries to minimize the amount of information passed between
modules. The idea is to keep as much information as possible hidden inside the modules
and make information public only if absolutely necessary.

instruction
A group of bits or characters that defines an operation to be performed by the computer.

int
C++ keyword for declaring an integer.

integer
A whole number.

interactive debugger
A program that aids in the debugging of programs.

invert operator
A logical operator that performs a NOT.

iostreamr.h
Standard C++ I/O package.

L
left shift
The operation of moving the bits in a bit field left by a specified amount and filling the
vacated positions with zeros.

library
A collection of files.

linked list
A collection of data nodes. Each node consists of a value and a pointer to the next item in
the list.

local include files
Files from a private library that can be inserted by the preprocessor at the directive
#include "filename".

local variable
A variable whose scope is limited to the block in which it is declared.

logical AND
A Boolean operation that returns true if its two arguments are both true. When used on
integers, each bit is operated on separately.

logical operator
A C++ operator that performs a logical operation on its two operands and returns a true or
a false value.

logical OR
A Boolean operation that returns true if any one of its two arguments is true. When used on
integers, each bit is operated on separately.

long
A qualifier to specify a data type with longer than normal accuracy.

No comments:

Post a Comment